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Leaky Scanning

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...

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A Two-Stage Unsupervised GAN Approach for Anime-to-Manga Translation.

Joao Luiz Lagoas de A B, Carlos Eduardo Pedreira, Pedro V Sander

IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications

|May 6, 2025

Summary

This study explores unsupervised image-to-image translation for converting anime art to manga style using a reference manga book. The novel two-stage approach simplifies models and generates high-quality, unsupervised manga translations.

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Area of Science:

Computer Vision
Artificial Intelligence
Digital Art

Background:

Unsupervised image-to-image translation models excel at domain transfer.
Methods for translating anime illustrations to manga style are limited.
Existing techniques struggle with the unique characteristics of anime and manga.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate unsupervised image-to-image translation for anime to manga style conversion.
To leverage the distinct features of anime and manga for improved translation.
To develop a framework that imposes minimal restrictions on the target manga domain.

Main Methods:

Propose a two-stage translation process exploiting anime and manga characteristics.
Implement an unsupervised learning approach for style transfer.
Utilize a reference manga book to guide the translation.

Main Results:

Achieved a preliminary output supporting the translation process.
Reduced model complexity while maintaining high-fidelity results.
Demonstrated the potential for fully unsupervised domain translation.

Conclusions:

The proposed method offers a novel approach to anime-to-manga style translation.
The framework facilitates the creation of synthetic manga datasets for training colorization models.
This research advances unsupervised learning applications in digital art and illustration.