Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

25.9K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
25.9K
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

3.0K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
3.0K
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

2.6K
The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
2.6K
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

41.0K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than...
41.0K
Newman Projections02:06

Newman Projections

16.2K
Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
The organic molecules rotate across the single bonds leading to numerous temporary three-dimensional structures of varying energy known as...
16.2K
VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs04:01

VSEPR Theory and the Effect of Lone Pairs

41.5K
Effect of Lone Pairs of Electrons on Molecule Geometry
41.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Causes Dental Developmental Anomalies: Underrecognized Risk of Fluoride Bioaccumulation.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Standardized parallel pace-capture testing as a functional endpoint for lesion validation.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

Type H Vessels Are Progressively Lost in a Mouse Model of Periodontitis: A 3D Tissue-clearing Analysis of Alveolar Bone.

Operative dentistry, endodontology and periodontology·2026
Same author

4<i>s</i> Molecular Orbitals and Strongly Correlated 3d States in TiO<i><sub>x</sub></i> and VO<i><sub>x</sub></i>.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Evaluation of contact-active antibacterial properties of cetylpyridinium chloride-graphene oxide coatings on dental restorative and titanium surfaces: an in vitro study.

BMC oral health·2026
Same author

<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> Vesicles Control Osteoclast-Macrophage Lineage Fate.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2025

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.6K

Octahedral Rotation Change in the Ruddlesden-Popper Compound Gd3Ba2Fe4O12.5 by Topotactically Introduced Oxide Ions.

Daisuke Urushihara1, Ariki Nakamura1, Kenta Nakajima1

  • 1Division of Advanced Ceramics, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.

Inorganic Chemistry
|May 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The synthesis of Gd3Ba2Fe4O12.5 via topotactic reaction introduced oxide ions, altering crystal symmetry and iron coordination. This study details the structural and coordination changes in this Ruddlesden-Popper compound.

More Related Videos

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
15:04

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

6.4K
X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

3.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2025

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex
10:52

Line Shape Analysis of Dynamic NMR Spectra for Characterizing Coordination Sphere Rearrangements at a Chiral Rhenium Polyhydride Complex

Published on: July 27, 2022

2.6K
Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
15:04

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

6.4K
X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050
11:27

X-Ray Crystallography to Study the Oligomeric State Transition of the Thermotoga maritima M42 Aminopeptidase TmPep1050

Published on: May 13, 2020

3.9K

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Ruddlesden-Popper compounds are known for their diverse structural and electronic properties.
  • Understanding the impact of non-stoichiometry on crystal structure is crucial for materials design.
  • Gd3Ba2Fe4O12 serves as a precursor for exploring new oxide phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize the A-site cation-ordered Ruddlesden-Popper compound Gd3Ba2Fe4O12.5.
  • To investigate the structural consequences of introducing oxide ions into the Gd3Ba2Fe4O12 lattice.
  • To elucidate the changes in iron coordination environments and polyhedral rotation patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Topotactic chemical reaction of Gd3Ba2Fe4O12.
  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for crystal structure determination.
  • Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) for structural analysis.
  • Mössbauer spectroscopy to identify iron sites.

Main Results:

  • Gd3Ba2Fe4O12.5 was synthesized and crystallizes in a tetragonal unit cell (P4(2)/mnm symmetry).
  • Introduced oxide ions occupy half of the Gd layer sites, leading to random distribution of six- and five-coordinate iron sites (FeO6 and FeO5).
  • Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed three distinct trivalent Fe sites (two FeO6, one FeO5).
  • The polyhedral rotation pattern shifted from same-direction to opposite-direction relative to the <110> direction.

Conclusions:

  • The occupation of oxide ions in Gd layers of Gd3Ba2Fe4O12 induces a change in crystal symmetry.
  • This symmetry change is directly linked to alterations in the octahedral rotation pattern and iron coordination environment.
  • The study highlights the sensitivity of Ruddlesden-Popper structures to interstitial oxygen incorporation.