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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Oleic acid association with primary angle-closure glaucoma: A finding using metabolomics.

Xia Qi1, Yunhai Dai1, Xiaojing Pan1

  • 1Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China.

Experimental Eye Research
|May 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study identified key metabolites in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) using a novel two-step metabolomics approach. Oleic acid was found to be significantly altered in PACG patients, suggesting its role in disease development.

Keywords:
Aqueous humorMetabolomicsOleic acidPACG

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Metabolomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Metabolomics is increasingly used for ophthalmic disease research.
  • Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) lacks extensive metabolomics investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a two-step metabolomics strategy to identify differential metabolites in aqueous humor from PACG patients.
  • To correlate identified metabolites with clinical data.

Main Methods:

  • Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of aqueous humor from age-related cataracts, acute PACG, and chronic PACG patients.
  • Targeted metabolomics for metabolites consistently altered in both acute and chronic PACG.
  • Correlation analysis between differential metabolites and clinical parameters.

Main Results:

  • 7495 metabolites identified via non-targeted analysis.
  • Seven consistently altered metabolites identified: oxoadipic acid, heptanoic acid, oleic acid, quinolinic acid, 25-hydroxycholesterol, mannitol, and maleic acid.
  • Oleic acid and oxoadipic acid were elevated in PACG; oleic acid showed a negative correlation with sex and visual acuity.

Conclusions:

  • Oleic acid may play a role in the pathogenesis of PACG.
  • The proposed two-step metabolomics method is effective for identifying disease-specific metabolites.