Metal ions-induced programmed cell death: how does oxidative stress regulate cell death?

Area of Science:

• Cellular Biology
• Biochemistry
• Pathology

Background:

• Ferroptosis and cuproptosis are distinct cell death pathways.
• Both ferroptosis and cuproptosis are increasingly recognized for their roles in disease.
• Oxidative stress is a common factor implicated in various cell death mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of oxidative stress in ferroptosis.
• To review the role of oxidative stress in cuproptosis.
• To provide insights into cell death mechanisms and disease treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ferroptosis mechanisms.
• Literature review of cuproptosis mechanisms.
• Analysis of the role of oxidative stress in both cell death types.

Main Results:

• Ferroptosis involves iron, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) propagation.
• Cuproptosis is linked to copper accumulation, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress.
• Oxidative stress is central to ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and other metal-ion-induced cell deaths.

Conclusions:

• Oxidative stress is a critical mediator in ferroptosis and cuproptosis.
• Understanding oxidative stress's role offers therapeutic targets for related diseases.
• Further research into redox states can illuminate cell death regulation in development and disease.