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Cancer screening outside of age recommendations: a population-based study
Frerik Smit1,2, Vladimir Jolidon3,4, Bernadette Wa van der Linden3,4
1Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. frerik.smit@unifr.ch.
BMC Public Health
|May 6, 2025
Summary
Cancer screening outside recommended guidelines is common, especially in older adults. This low-value care warrants further investigation into its underlying causes and implications.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Preventive Medicine
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Cancer screening outside evidence-based guidelines represents low-value care.
- Understanding the prevalence of non-recommended cancer screening is crucial for healthcare system efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer screening outside of recommended age guidelines in Switzerland.
- To identify demographic groups most affected by non-recommended cancer screening practices.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the 2022 Swiss Health Survey, including 20,515 participants aged 15 and above.
- Classification of screening practices based on age-specific recommendations from the United States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF).
Main Results:
- Among adults aged 75 and older, 40.2% underwent cancer screening outside USPSTF A, B, and C recommendations.
- Cervical cancer screening was most frequent outside recommended ages for women 75+ (37.1%), followed by prostate cancer screening for men 75+ (34.0%).
- Non-recommended screening was also observed in middle-aged adults (12.3%) and younger women (9.9%).
Conclusions:
- Cancer screening outside of established recommendations is highly prevalent, particularly in older populations.
- Further research is necessary to elucidate the drivers of this low-value care.
- Identifying reasons for non-recommended screening can inform strategies to improve healthcare value.
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