DNA analysts' experiences with human factors: A quantitative and qualitative snapshot

Area of Science:

• Forensic Science
• Cognitive Psychology
• Legal Testimony

Background:

• Cognitive bias can influence forensic experts' DNA analysis and courtroom testimony.
• Limited research exists on real-world DNA examiners' experiences with bias and their training needs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate forensic DNA analysts' experiences with cognitive bias in casework.
• To understand their needs regarding expert testimony and training in human factors.

Main Methods:

• National survey of forensic DNA analysts using Likert-scale and open-ended questions.
• Data collected on exposure to biasing information, laboratory policies, and expert testimony experiences.

Main Results:

• Analysts reported receiving biasing information in 37% of cases, often from eyewitness identifications.
• 60% of labs have bias-mitigation policies; 90% of analysts have provided expert testimony.
• Analysts identified needs for training in communicating statistics, answering hypothetical questions, and general court effectiveness.

Conclusions:

• Laboratories align with National Academy of Sciences recommendations on bias policies.
• Improvements are needed to limit analysts' exposure to biasing information and enhance human factors training.