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Incorporating Gender-Neutral Language in IRB Materials: Perceptions of IRB Professionals.

Kevin L Nellis¹, Ronnie Lichtman², Jeffrey Birnbaum³

¹Executive director of Human Research Protections and Quality Assurance at the Research Foundation for the State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University (DHSU).

Ethics & Human Research

|May 7, 2025

Summary

Institutional Review Board (IRB) professionals support gender-neutral language in research documents, but its use is limited. Barriers like resources and unclear guidelines hinder wider adoption of inclusive language.

Keywords:

IRB consent form templates IRB forms IRB guidance gender‐neutral language human research protection program (HRPP)inclusivity in research institutional review boards (IRBs)language implementation survey study

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Area of Science:

Research Ethics
Sociolinguistics
Health Services Research

Background:

Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) play a critical role in research ethics oversight.
The use of inclusive language, such as gender-neutral terms, is increasingly recognized as important in research communication.
Existing IRB guidance and informed consent documents may not consistently reflect inclusive language practices.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess IRB professionals' perceptions of gender-neutral language in IRB guidance and informed consent documents.
To determine the extent to which IRB professionals' institutions currently use gender-neutral language in these documents.
To identify barriers and facilitators to the adoption of gender-neutral language in research settings.

Main Methods:

A survey was distributed to a diverse group of IRB professionals.
Participant recruitment utilized an email list from the Office for Human Research Protections.
The survey collected data on perceptions and reported usage of gender-neutral language.

Main Results:

A significant majority of IRB professionals expressed support for using gender-neutral language.
Actual implementation of gender-neutral language in IRB guidance and informed consent documents was found to be limited.
Key barriers identified include resource constraints and a lack of specific regulatory guidelines.

Conclusions:

There is a high willingness among IRB professionals to adopt gender-neutral language.
Practical challenges, including resource limitations and regulatory ambiguity, impede the widespread use of inclusive language.
Developing explicit guidelines and providing resources are crucial for enhancing the adoption of gender-neutral language and promoting research inclusivity.