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Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
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Updated: May 12, 2025

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Recent Developments in Deep Eutectic Solvents Applications in Liquid Chromatography: 2019-2025.

Derya Demir1, Joanna Antos1,2, František Švec1

  • 1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Journal of Separation Science
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) enhance chromatographic separations by improving selectivity and speed. These green solvents offer environmental benefits but have limitations like higher viscosity, requiring careful consideration in modern liquid chromatography.

Keywords:
deep eutectic solventsgreen chemistryliquid chromatographymobile phase additiveseparation efficiencystationary phase modification

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are increasingly explored as alternatives to traditional chromatographic phases.
  • Their unique physicochemical properties offer advantages in separation science.
  • Recent advancements focus on their application in liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent (post-2019) applications of DES in chromatography.
  • To evaluate DES as greener alternatives for mobile and stationary phases.
  • To discuss parameters influencing DES selection and their limitations in modern separations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of publications since 2019.
  • Analysis of DES properties relevant to chromatography (selectivity, peak shape, separation time).
  • Assessment of environmental impact and practical limitations of DES.

Main Results:

  • DES can improve separation selectivity, reduce peak tailing, and shorten analysis times.
  • Key advantages include biodegradability, recyclability, and stability.
  • Disadvantages include higher viscosity and potential degradation in aqueous solutions.

Conclusions:

  • DES present a promising avenue for green chemistry in chromatography.
  • Careful consideration of DES properties and limitations is crucial for successful implementation.
  • Further research is needed to overcome current challenges in DES-based chromatographic separations.