Isolated Catatonia as a Rare Initial Manifestation of Moyamoya Disease
Ouafae El Hayani1, Bnouhanna Wadii2, Mounia Rahmani3
1Neurology, Specialty Hospital, Ibn Sina University Hospital Center, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MAR.
Abstract:
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, idiopathic, and life-threatening cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis and occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid arteries, leading to the formation of abnormal collateral vessels. The incidence of MMD is high in Asian countries but has also been reported in other regions with lower prevalence. Clinically, the disease can manifest with ischemic, hemorrhagic, or epileptic symptoms. Psychiatric manifestations are atypical and may be mistaken for primary psychiatric disorders, necessitating a specialized approach to management. We report a rare clinical case of a patient who was admitted with isolated catatonia and was diagnosed with MMD through neuroimaging. We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying this association, radiological findings, and strategies for managing such an uncommon presentation.
Insights
Moyamoya disease (MMD), a rare cerebrovascular disorder, can present with unusual psychiatric symptoms like catatonia. This case highlights the importance of neuroimaging in diagnosing MMD when catatonia is the primary symptom.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Psychiatry
- Radiology
Background:
- Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder causing progressive stenosis of intracranial arteries.
- It leads to abnormal collateral vessel formation and can manifest with ischemic, hemorrhagic, or epileptic symptoms.
- Psychiatric symptoms are uncommon and can be misdiagnosed as primary psychiatric disorders.
Observation:
- A rare case of Moyamoya disease presenting with isolated catatonia is reported.
- The patient was diagnosed with MMD via neuroimaging after admission for catatonia.
- This presentation is atypical for MMD, which usually involves neurological deficits.
Findings:
- Neuroimaging confirmed Moyamoya disease in a patient with isolated catatonia.
- The study explores potential mechanisms linking MMD and catatonia.
- Radiological findings characteristic of MMD were observed.
Implications:
- This case underscores the need for considering MMD in patients with unexplained catatonia.
- Early diagnosis through neuroimaging is crucial for appropriate management.
- Recognizing atypical MMD presentations can improve patient outcomes and prevent misdiagnosis.
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