Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2025

Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice
Published on: February 2, 2019
Exercise Training Modalities in Young and Middle-Aged Adults With Prehypertension or Hypertension: A Systematic
Lu Tian1, Siyu Yang1, Yulan Hu1
1Nursing Department Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei P.R. China.
Aims:
The question of how to choose the right type of exercise to lower blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in people worldwide with high blood pressure is not yet fully understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various exercise training on blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors among young and middle-aged adults with prehypertension or hypertension.
Design:
Systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Methods:
We searched five electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials that compare exercise training versus a sedentary or sham control group in young and middle-aged adults with prehypertension or hypertension. Review Manager 5.3, Stata15.0, and R4.2.1 software estimated the efficacy of exercise training modalities.
Results:
We included 19 eligible articles with 1590 participants to assess five exercise trainings. Our findings indicated that low-middle intensity aerobic exercise (mean difference (MD) = -8.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -13.58, -2.58) was superior to all exercise strategies (high-intensity aerobic exercise: MD = -6.53, 95% CI = -12.51, -0.56; high-intensity resistance exercise: MD = -4.95, 95% CI = -11.07, 1.17; low-middle-intensity resistance exercise: MD = -3.49, 95% CI = -12.36, 5.39) compared with control group in lowering systolic blood pressure. Compared with the control strategy, high-intensity resistance exercise (MD = -4.75, 95% CI = -8.00, -1.50), high-intensity aerobic exercise (MD = -4.27, 95% CI = -7.08, -1.45) could lower diastolic blood pressure. The effects of different exercise patterns on cardiovascular risk factors, the results indicated that only low-middle-intensity aerobic exercise significantly improved body mass index (MD = -0.55, 95% CI = -7.08, -1.45), total cholesterol (MD = -19.07, 95% CI = -36.42, -1.72), triglycerides (MD = -14.32, 95% CI = -23.16, -5.48), high-density lipoprotein (MD = 2.29, 95% CI = 0.85, 3.73), and low-density lipoprotein (MD = -13.90, 95% CI = -22.18, -5.63). In addition, no intervention affects heart rate.
Conclusion:
Compared with other types of exercise, aerobic exercise can significantly improve systolic blood pressure, while high-intensity resistance or aerobic exercise may significantly improve diastolic blood pressure. In addition, AE-LM is effective in the reduction of risk factors that are contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study provides strong evidence to support the selection of appropriate exercise modalities for hypertensive patients.
More Related Videos
04:24A Novel Digital Platform for a Monitored Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Published on: April 19, 2019
07:40Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
Published on: October 10, 2019
Related Concept Videos
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
Exercise and Cardiac Output
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure
Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...