Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrodes: Overview01:17

Electrodes: Overview

297
 Electrochemical measurements are conducted in an electrochemical cell composed of various components that control and measure the current and potential. One fundamental component is electrodes, conductive materials that enable electron transfer reactions at their surfaces.
There are two main types of electrodes in electrochemical cells. The first type, known as the working or indicator electrode, has a potential that is sensitive to the analyte's concentration and reacts to changes in...
297
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

194
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
194
Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes

370
Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
370
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

412
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
412
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.2K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
1.2K
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

297
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
297

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Straightforward Access to Sustainable and Reusable Melanin-Supported Palladium Catalysts: Characterization and Application in Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reactions.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Solvation-Heterostructure Synergy Enables Reversible Four-Electron Conversion in High-Capacity Na-Ion Electrodes.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

The floppy thyroid eye disease.

International ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Electrochemomics Profiling Metabolic Dynamics in Biofluids.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Correction: Symmetry breaking of single-atom catalysts in heterogeneous electrocatalysis: reactivity and configuration.

Chemical Society reviews·2026
Same author

Dynamic Protonation on an Amino-Containing Quinone-Covalent Organic Framework Enables Efficient Neutral Electrosynthesis of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2025

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators
14:42

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Published on: April 25, 2020

8.2K

Optimization of Core-Shell Ternary Electrodes for High-Performance Ionic Actuator in Soft Gripper.

Yufei Zhang1,2, Adit Gupta1, Qiuchun Lu1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study optimized a novel ternary electrode for ionic actuators, achieving high conductivity and performance. The enhanced actuator design enables precise grasping and complex deformations for robotics and human-machine interaction.

Keywords:
core–shell modelionic actuatorsoft gripperssynergistic effectternary electrode

More Related Videos

Rod-based Fabrication of Customizable Soft Robotic Pneumatic Gripper Devices for Delicate Tissue Manipulation
07:49

Rod-based Fabrication of Customizable Soft Robotic Pneumatic Gripper Devices for Delicate Tissue Manipulation

Published on: August 2, 2016

8.7K
Four-Dimensional Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Soft Robots
05:43

Four-Dimensional Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Soft Robots

Published on: January 13, 2023

2.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2025

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators
14:42

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

Published on: April 25, 2020

8.2K
Rod-based Fabrication of Customizable Soft Robotic Pneumatic Gripper Devices for Delicate Tissue Manipulation
07:49

Rod-based Fabrication of Customizable Soft Robotic Pneumatic Gripper Devices for Delicate Tissue Manipulation

Published on: August 2, 2016

8.7K
Four-Dimensional Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Soft Robots
05:43

Four-Dimensional Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel-Based Soft Robots

Published on: January 13, 2023

2.8K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Ionic actuators offer low-voltage operation and high stability.
  • Conventional electrode preparation methods hinder nanomaterial dispersion and synergistic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize a ternary electrode system for enhanced ionic actuator performance.
  • To investigate the ion migration process and core-shell structure for improved actuator capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a two-step dispersion process for a SWCNTs/PEDOT:PSS/ionic liquid ternary electrode.
  • Analyzed ion migration using a core-shell model.
  • Optimized electrode and device structure for ionic actuators.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a uniformly coated core-shell structure with high conductivity (≈392.4 S cm-1).
  • Realized a peak-to-peak strain per volt of 1.3% V-1 and normalized blocking force of 0.15 MPa V-1.
  • Demonstrated stable performance over 1 million cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The optimized ternary electrode significantly enhances ionic actuator performance.
  • The developed actuators are suitable for multi-clawed grippers and precision component handling.
  • Promising applications exist in smart grippers, bioinspired robotics, and human-machine interaction.