Electrochromic Efficiency in AB_(1-O-Type Mixed Metal Oxide Alloys

Electrochromic materials have a wide range of energy-effective applications, such as in mirrors, smart windows, automobile sunroofs, and display devices. The electrochromic behavior of mixed metal oxides is focused on in this review. Extra heat absorbed by buildings is one of the major problems in our modern era, so electrochromic films have been used as components of smart windows to reduce heat absorption through glass windows. Transition metal (W, V, Ti, Mo, and Ni) oxides are considered popular electrochromic materials for this purpose. Smart windows consist of electrochromic material layers (such as metal oxide layers) and solid electrolytes sandwiched between transparent conductive layers. Few publications have studied the use of mixtures of different metal oxides as electrochromic materials. This study focuses on the results of investigations of such multicomponent materials, such as the effects on the electrochromic properties of mixed metal oxides and how they contrast with pure metal oxides. Reviewing these papers, we found WO₃- and MoO₃-based mixtures to be the most promising, especially the magnetron-sputtered, amorphous WO₃(40%)-MoO₃(60%) composition, which had 200-300 cm²/C coloration efficiency. The mixed oxide materials reported in this review have room for development (and even commercialization) in the oxide-based electrochromic device market.