Biological and productive features of camel breeds bred in Kazakhstan

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the productivity and biological characteristics of camel breeds, which are one of the main branches of animal husbandry grown in desert and semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan. Kazakh Bactrian breeds have less milk than Turkmen dromedary breed, but it has a higher fat and protein content.The milk of camel breeds is secreted by a conditioned reflex during molting, so it is worth considering that when milking them, it is necessary to see its colt. In general, the milk of the listed camel breeds is very abundant in the third month after the start of milking. The demand of the Kazakhstan population for camel products is growing from year to year. Camels are used as meat, dairy and wool animals, and food products obtained from them in the desert - semi-desert zone of the Republic are considered the main types of products (meat, milk and shubat) consumed daily by the population. As a result of the study, the breed characteristics of Kazakh Bactrian and Turkmen dromedary camels were widely confirmed by the results of separate studies, as well as a literary review. The results of research in the areas of breeding and milk and meat productivity of high-yielding camel breeds are presented. The reproduction of Kazakh Bactrian and Turkmen dromedary camel breeds in the period from birth to three years is relatively determined.