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Current Perspectives on Functional Involvement of Micropeptides in Virus-Host Interactions
Haowen Sun1, Rongrong Gu1, Tingting Tang1
1Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 7, 2025
Summary
Micropeptides (miPEPs) regulate biological processes and virus-host interactions. Further research is needed to explore their full potential in immunity and disease.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Micropeptides (miPEPs) encoded by short open reading frames (sORFs) are emerging regulators of biological processes.
- miPEPs play roles in viral replication, pathogenesis, and host immune responses.
- Both host and viral miPEPs modulate virus-host interactions via mechanisms like protein stability and interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the emerging roles of miPEPs in virus-host interactions and host immunity.
- To discuss the challenges and future perspectives in miPEP research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on micropeptides, short open reading frames, viral replication, and host immunity.
- Analysis of current understanding and experimental validation of miPEPs.
- Identification of knowledge gaps and future research directions.
Main Results:
- Thousands of potential miPEP-encoding sORFs exist, but few are experimentally validated.
- Validated miPEPs are linked to virus-host interactions and immune modulation.
- The field of miPEP research is nascent, with significant underexplored areas.
Conclusions:
- miPEPs are critical regulators with diverse roles in virus-host interactions and immunity.
- Systematic identification, characterization, and functional analysis of miPEPs are crucial.
- Future studies will elucidate miPEP mechanisms and broader biological functions.
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