Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

723
Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
723
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

1.1K
Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...
1.1K
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

525
Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...
525
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

489
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
489
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

316
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
316
Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance01:29

Pathophysiology of Cardiac Performance

488
Typical heart performance is influenced by heart rate, rhythm, myocardial contraction, and metabolism or blood flow. The cardiac muscle exhibits distinct electrophysiological features, including pacemaker activity and calcium channel control, which play a vital role in the heart's response to various drugs. The autonomic nervous system, comprising the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, regulates heart rate. Sympathetic activation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic activation...
488

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Type of treating centres and outcomes among patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest: Insights from a large nationwide registry.

Heart & lung : the journal of critical care·2026
Same author

Pseudo-Harlequin syndrome: a case report.

European heart journal. Case reports·2026
Same author

Substrate ablation as concomitant treatment for left atrial macroreentrant tachycardia (SLICE-LAMRT): rationale and study design.

Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing·2026
Same author

Optimized workflow for pentaspline PFA and its impact on PVI durability: evidence from systematic remapping.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same author

Acute hemodynamic effects of a novel algorithm for cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization: Results from the BIO|Adapt study.

Heart rhythm O2·2026
Same author

Periodontal Disease and Risk of Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

International journal of dentistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2025

Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Ligation for Ischemia-Reperfusion Research: Model Improvement via Technical Modifications and Quality Control
05:41

Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Ligation for Ischemia-Reperfusion Research: Model Improvement via Technical Modifications and Quality Control

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.2K

SEX AND RACE/ETHNICITY DIFFERENCES ON IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES IN OCTOGENARIANS WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK.

Carlos Diaz-Arocutipa1, Rafael Salguero-Bodes, Elena Puerto

  • 1Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-análisis (URSIGET), Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.

Shock (Augusta, Ga.)
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Octogenarians with cardiogenic shock face high mortality, with significant disparities by sex and race. White females experienced the highest mortality, while minority groups had less access to advanced treatments and more complications.

Keywords:
Cardiogenic shockcardiovascular outcomesin-hospital mortalityoctogenariansrace/ethnicitysex differences

More Related Videos

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
06:10

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

3.1K
Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2025

Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Ligation for Ischemia-Reperfusion Research: Model Improvement via Technical Modifications and Quality Control
05:41

Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Ligation for Ischemia-Reperfusion Research: Model Improvement via Technical Modifications and Quality Control

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.2K
Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
06:10

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

3.1K
Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
03:13

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research

Published on: November 3, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Cardiogenic shock has a high mortality rate, especially in octogenarians.
  • Understanding sex and race/ethnicity disparities in this population is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock in octogenarians.
  • To identify differences based on sex and race/ethnicity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of octogenarians hospitalized with cardiogenic shock (2016-2019) using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS).
  • Stratification by sex and race/ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic).
  • Logistic regression analysis to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Main Results:

  • Overall in-hospital mortality was 44.6%, with significant variations by sex and race/ethnicity.
  • White females had the highest mortality (46.0%), while Hispanic males had the lowest (43.1%). Adjusted analysis showed higher mortality risk for White females (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14).
  • Black and Hispanic patients had lower use of advanced therapies (intra-aortic balloon pumps, percutaneous ventricular assist devices) but higher rates of major bleeding and renal replacement therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Significant sex and race/ethnicity disparities exist in octogenarians with cardiogenic shock.
  • White females face the highest mortality risk, whereas Black and Hispanic patients experience lower utilization of advanced treatments and increased complications.
  • Addressing these inequities is vital for improving cardiovascular care for elderly populations.