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Updated: May 12, 2025

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Uncovering bridging diseases in complex multimorbidity pathways: A network science approach.

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Multimorbidity, the presence of multiple chronic diseases, shows gender differences. Network science identified liver dysfunction in men and depression in women as key drivers of complex disease patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Network Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multimorbidity, the co-occurrence of multiple chronic diseases, poses a significant healthcare challenge.
  • Understanding the underlying patterns and key drivers of multimorbidity is crucial for effective management.
  • Existing research often lacks detailed analysis of specific diseases that bridge different chronic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply network science to analyze multimorbidity structures in older adults.
  • To identify specific diseases that act as bridging conditions in the development of complex multimorbidity.
  • To investigate potential sex/gender differences in multimorbidity patterns and their drivers.

Main Methods:

  • Network science analysis was employed to map disease co-occurrences.
  • Data from a representative sample of 2,200 individuals aged 50+ in southern Spain were utilized.
  • Bridging diseases contributing to complex multimorbidity structures were identified.

Main Results:

  • Significant gender-based differences in multimorbidity patterns were observed.
  • Women exhibited a higher burden of chronic diseases, leading to more complex disease networks.
  • Liver dysfunction was identified as a key bridging disease in men, while depression was highlighted in women.

Conclusions:

  • Sex/gender-specific factors significantly influence multimorbidity patterns.
  • Targeting specific bridging diseases like liver dysfunction and depression may help manage complex multimorbidity.
  • Developing tailored healthcare strategies based on sex/gender is essential for preventing multisystem multimorbidity and its impact on health outcomes.