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Physical Abuse: Cutaneous Injuries.

Emily Killough1, Danielle Horton1, Sara Kilbride1

  • 1UMKC School of Medicine, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA; Child Abuse Pediatrician, Division of Child Adversity and Resilience, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|May 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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Pediatric clinicians should assess child physical abuse by considering injury patterns, location, and the child

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric medicine
  • Child abuse recognition
  • Forensic pediatrics

Background:

  • Cutaneous injuries are the most frequent sign of child physical abuse.
  • Accurate identification of abuse-related injuries is crucial for pediatric clinicians.
  • Distinguishing abuse from medical mimics requires careful evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline key features for identifying child physical abuse in pediatric clinical practice.
  • To emphasize the importance of a thorough differential diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical indicators for child physical abuse.
  • Focus on age/developmental abilities, injury location, and injury patterns.
  • Importance of comprehensive medical evaluation.
Keywords:
Bleeding disorderBruisingBurnsMimicPatterned injuryPhysical abuse

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Main Results:

  • Age, injury location, and pattern are critical in assessing potential abuse.
  • A broad differential diagnosis is essential to avoid misdiagnosis.
  • Early detection and reporting are vital for child protection.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric clinicians must consider specific injury characteristics when evaluating potential abuse.
  • Thorough assessment prevents misdiagnosis of medical conditions as abuse.
  • Timely identification and reporting safeguard children from further harm.