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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Twist angle in van der Waals materials is key for moiré flat bands.
  • Twist-angle control can also stabilize correlated states via symmetry breaking.
  • Moiré superlattices are not the only platform for twist-angle effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate 'moiréless' twist-tuning of superconductivity and correlated orders.
  • To investigate the impact of Ising spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on graphene's phase diagram.
  • To explore novel superconducting states in van der Waals heterostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally demonstrated twist-tuning in Bernal bilayer graphene proximitized by tungsten diselenide.
  • Systematically varied the alignment between graphene and tungsten diselenide.
  • Analyzed superconducting properties and phase transitions under varying Ising SOC.

Main Results:

  • Superconductivity onset shifted to higher displacement fields with increased Ising SOC.
  • Critical temperature of superconductivity increased up to 0.5 K.
  • Observed a nematic phase transition and enhanced resilience to magnetic fields in the strong Ising SOC limit.
  • Identified two additional superconducting regions, one with a Pauli-limit violation ratio exceeding 40.

Conclusions:

  • 'Moiréless' twist engineering offers a powerful method to control correlated states in van der Waals heterostructures.
  • Ising SOC significantly alters the superconducting phase diagram of bilayer graphene.
  • The findings provide insights into ultraclean graphene superconductors and novel quantum phenomena.