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Exploring ableism and occupational therapy: perspectives of occupational therapy educators working within higher education.

The British journal of occupational therapy·2025
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Exploring ableism and occupational therapy: Occupational therapy students' perspectives.

Hannah Darton1,2, Alison Wadey2, Alison Laver-Fawcett2

  • 1Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Trust, York, UK.

The British Journal of Occupational Therapy
|May 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Occupational therapy students perceive ableism in their education and practice, with many recognizing their own unconscious biases. They desire more support for disability studies to address these issues.

Keywords:
Ableismdisability studiesoccupational therapystudentssurvey

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational therapy
  • Disability studies
  • Social justice in healthcare

Background:

  • Ableism presents significant challenges within healthcare professions.
  • Understanding student perspectives on ableism is crucial for evolving occupational therapy practice.
  • Existing research often overlooks the nuanced views of students in pre-registration programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate occupational therapy students' perceptions of ableism.
  • To explore the implications of ableism for occupational therapy practice.
  • To identify student needs for further education in disability studies.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey was administered to collect data from occupational therapy students.
  • The survey included Likert scale and open-ended questions to gather diverse perspectives.
  • The study involved 56 pre-registration occupational therapy students from the UK, USA, and Canada.

Main Results:

  • 34% of students initially viewed occupational therapy as ableist, rising to 50% after defining ableism.
  • A majority of students reported witnessing or experiencing ableism in educational and practice settings (63% and 55%, respectively).
  • 86% acknowledged potential unconscious ableist biases, and 96% desired enhanced support for disability studies.

Conclusions:

  • Student understanding of ableism correlates with their perception of the profession as ableist.
  • Students are aware of potential unconscious biases and seek further education in disability studies.
  • Further qualitative research is recommended to inform systemic changes addressing ableism in occupational therapy.