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Monitoring Structural Bowel Damage in Patients With Crohn's Disease Using Intestinal Ultrasonography: Can It Be
Sara Albert1, Pilar Marqués1, Ángela Algarra1
1Department of Digestive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Biological treatments can reverse structural bowel damage (SBD) in Crohn's disease (CD). However, patients with SBD still experience higher rates of hospitalization and surgery, highlighting the need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research
- Medical Imaging in IBD
Background:
- Current Crohn's disease (CD) therapies can slow structural bowel damage (SBD) progression but not prevent it.
- Assessing medical treatments' potential to reverse existing SBD is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate if transmural healing (TH) is achievable with medical treatment in CD patients.
- To compare TH rates using intestinal ultrasonography (IUS) in CD patients with and without SBD.
Main Methods:
- Prospective, longitudinal, observational study design.
- Intestinal ultrasonography (IUS) monitoring at 3 and 12 months.
- Comparison between CD patients with pre-existing SBD and those with inflammatory patterns.
Main Results:
- At 3 months, TH rates were significantly higher in patients without SBD (25.8%) versus those with SBD (7.8%).
- At 12 months, no significant difference in TH rates was observed between groups (34% vs 26.6%).
- The SBD group showed significantly higher corticosteroid use, hospitalizations, and surgical resections over 12 months.
Conclusions:
- Biological treatments demonstrate potential for reversing SBD in Crohn's disease.
- Despite healing, patients with prior SBD face elevated risks of hospitalization and surgery.
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