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Related Concept Videos

Solvents01:12

Solvents

A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents01:16

Titration in Nonaqueous Solvents

Most acid-base titrations are performed in an aqueous medium. In aqueous titrations, water competes with weaker acids or bases for proton donation or acceptance, leading to ambiguous endpoints in the titration curve. Water also affects the partial ionization of weak acids or bases. For example, water accepts a proton from acetic acid to form hydronium and acetate ions. The hydronium ion formed is a stronger acid than acetic acid, and the acetate ion is a stronger base than water. As a result,...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
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Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents applied in analytical studies: A review.

Jingyan Chen1, Jeongmi Lee1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|May 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (SUPRADESs), combining DES properties with host-guest chemistry, offer enhanced analytical performance. These novel green solvents show promise in sample preparation and separation, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.

Keywords:
Chiral selectorGreen analytical chemistryMacrocyclic compoundSample pretreatmentSupramolecular deep eutectic solvent

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are recognized as environmentally friendly solvents in analytical chemistry.
  • A novel subclass, supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (SUPRADESs), integrates DES properties with macrocyclic host-guest chemistry.
  • SUPRADESs leverage self-assembled hydrogen-bonding interactions for unique solvent characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development, classification, and analytical applications of SUPRADESs.
  • To highlight the advantages of SUPRADESs over conventional solvents and DESs in analytical procedures.
  • To discuss current limitations and future prospects of SUPRADESs in analytical chemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of SUPRADESs into binary and ternary types.
  • Categorization of SUPRADES applications based on their roles: extraction solvent, desorption agent, sorbent material/modifier, and chiral selector.
  • Review of recent advancements in sample pretreatment and separation techniques utilizing SUPRADESs.

Main Results:

  • SUPRADESs exhibit superior extraction and desorption efficiencies compared to conventional solvents and DESs.
  • Enhanced enantioseparation performance and improved analyte stability are observed with SUPRADESs.
  • SUPRADESs demonstrate versatility in various analytical applications, including sample preparation and chiral separations.

Conclusions:

  • SUPRADESs represent a promising advancement in green analytical chemistry, offering enhanced performance.
  • Further research is needed to address limitations such as high viscosity and develop rational selection strategies.
  • SUPRADESs hold significant potential for future innovations in analytical methodologies.