Photo-curable layered double hydroxide-hyaluronic acid-composite hydrogels with multifunctional properties for growth...

Bone regeneration is a highly complex process involving the coordinated interaction between osteogenic stem cells, the extracellular matrix (ECM), and osteoinductive signals, which are often challenged by bacterial interference. While bone prostheses incorporating growth factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins have been commercially successful, the therapeutic use of recombinant growth factors can lead to significant adverse clinical outcomes. Here, we present a photo-curable layered double hydroxide (LDH)-composite hydrogel, designed to incorporate multiple functionalities for bone regeneration without the need for exogenous growth factors. The photo-curable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel features a porous microstructure, biocompatibility, precise application, and adaptability to irregular bone defects. Incorporating LDH not only enhances osteogenic signals but also provides antibacterial activity, reducing the risk of infection and promoting a more favorable environment for bone regeneration. The combination of photo-curable HA with the functional 2D-nanomaterial LDH, renowned for its ability to intercalate therapeutic molecules, results in a hydrogel scaffold that emulates the osteoconductive traits of bone ECM. Additionally, the controlled release of the osteoinductive agent simvastatin via LDH augments bone healing through stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This nanoengineered HA-based hydrogel demonstrates significant potential as a multifunctional bone prosthesis, offering a promising, growth factor-free solution for enhanced bone regeneration.