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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

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Published on: October 25, 2019

Age-Related Differences in Comprehending Speech in Competition.

Amy Morris¹, Rakteesud Bamrungyat¹, Alexandra N Scurry¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno.

American Journal of Audiology

|May 9, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults struggle more with speech in noise, especially with spatially separated maskers. Age and certain auditory sensitivities predict this reduced speech comprehension.

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Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

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Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Auditory Neuroscience
Gerontology
Speech Perception

Background:

Speech-in-noise (SiN) perception declines with age.
Understanding how masker type and spatial location affect SiN in older adults is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of masker type (speech vs. garbled speech) and spatial location on SiN performance in older and young adults.
To examine the relationship between age-related SiN deficits and suprathreshold auditory sensitivities.

Main Methods:

Participants listened to target speech with speech or garbled speech maskers at various spatial locations (0°, 6°, 45°).
Suprathreshold sensitivities to temporal modulation (TM), spectral modulation (SM), spectrotemporal modulation (STM), and binaural temporal fine structure (TFS) were measured.
Speech-in-competition (SiC) performance was assessed using Portable Automated Rapid Testing software on an iPad.

Main Results:

Older adults performed worse on SiC, particularly with spatially separated maskers (6°, 45°), and showed less benefit from spatial separation with speech maskers.
While older adults had worse overall performance with garbled speech maskers, they benefited similarly from spatial separation compared to young adults.
Older adults exhibited reduced sensitivity to binaural TFS but comparable sensitivity to TM, SM, and STM.

Conclusions:

Age significantly impacts SiC performance, with spatial separation offering less benefit for older adults with speech maskers.
Auditory sensitivities, specifically TM and SM, predict SiC performance in older adults, highlighting the role of peripheral and central auditory processing.
These findings enhance understanding of how aging and auditory processing abilities influence speech comprehension in complex listening environments.