Internet use for health information, health service utilization, and quality of care in the U.S

Increased internet use for health information in the United States enhances interactions with healthcare professionals, but its effects on healthcare utilization and care quality are still being investigated. We explored the association between internet use for health information, patient-centered communication (PCC), and sociodemographic factors on the likelihood of visiting a health care provider and quality of care. We also examined if PCC mediates this association.

We conducted a secondary data analysis using the National Cancer Center Institutes (NCI) Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2018-2020. Multinomial logistic regression and path analyses assessed variable interrelationships and mediating effects.

Individuals using the internet for health information for themselves were 2.40 times more likely (P <.001) to have frequent provider visits and 1.18 times more likely (P <.022) to rate their care as very good/good compared to excellent, compared to those who did not use the internet for health information for themselves. In contrast, individuals using the internet for discussion with their providers were 2.05 times more likely (P <.001) to have increased visits, and they were 40% less likely (P <.001) to rate their care as fair/poor compared to excellent, relative to those who did not use the internet for discussions. Path analysis indicated that individuals using the internet for health information for themselves may negatively impact PCC, resulting in lower quality ratings, while those who use the internet for discussions with healthcare providers had a positive effect on PCC, leading to higher care ratings.

This study enhances our understanding of how PCC and internet use for health information impact US healthcare. Using the internet for provider discussions positively impacts perceived care quality, highlighting PCC's vital role.