Multiple Lines of Treatment in a Patient with Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Cervix: A Case Report

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (SCNEC) is a rare and highly aggressive tumor with a high rate of recurrence and metastasis. Due to its low prevalence, standardized treatment regimens for SCNEC remain undefined. This case report describes an adult patient with SCNEC who developed multiple metastases, including those in the neck, abdominal wall, and brain. The patient underwent a multidisciplinary treatment approach, including chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and a PD-1 inhibitor combined with radiotherapy, achieving notable therapeutic efficacy with an overall survival exceeding 49 months. This case underscores the potential role of immunotherapy in treating SCNEC. Furthermore, the extensive tumor progression, exacerbated by disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic and poor patient compliance highlights the importance of cervical cancer screening, early diagnosis, and treatment compliance.