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Updated: May 15, 2025

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
Published on: March 22, 2019
Lichang Wang1,2, Wei Long1,2, Zhanghui Fei3
1School of Geosciences and info-physics, Central South University, Changsha, 410075, China.
This study introduces a laser ranging method for accurate grouting flow measurement, overcoming limitations of electromagnetic flowmeters in low-flow conditions. Optimal sensor placement in a stable slurry zone significantly reduces measurement errors.
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