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[The Schwartz-Bartter syndrome].

J R Bierich

    Padiatrie Und Padologie
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Schwartz-Bartter syndrome in children often involves severe central nervous system (CNS) diseases or vincristine treatment. The syndrome causes excessive sodium loss, leading to hyponatremia and hypotonia, despite normal plasma volume.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Endocrinology
    • Nephrology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Schwartz-Bartter syndrome, characterized by hyponatremia, is a condition affecting children.
    • Seven of the nine described cases involved severe central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
    • Two cases developed the syndrome during vincristine treatment, known for its CNS damaging effects.

    Observation:

    • The primary symptoms include hyponatremia and hypotonia due to excessive urinary sodium loss.
    • Plasma volume remained undiminished in affected children.
    • Administered sodium chloride (NaCl) was excreted in the urine, resulting in hyperosmolar urine despite hypoosmolar plasma.

    Findings:

    • The study confirms the role of increased antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion in Schwartz-Bartter syndrome.

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  • Evidence suggests the body attempts to excrete excess fluid retained by ADH, possibly via a natriuretic hormone (the 'third factor').
  • Enhanced activity of this 'third factor' was observed in one patient.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding the mechanisms of Schwartz-Bartter syndrome is crucial for managing pediatric hyponatremia.
    • Further research into the 'third factor' could reveal new therapeutic targets.
    • Identifying risk factors like CNS disease and vincristine treatment aids in early diagnosis and prevention.