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Lateralization

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.

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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 13, 2025

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

ESTIMATING FIBER ORIENTATION DISTRIBUTION WITH APPLICATION TO STUDY BRAIN LATERALIZATION USING HCP D-MRI DATA.

Seungyong Hwang^1,2, Thomas C M Lee¹, Debashis Paul¹

¹Department of Statistics, University of California, Davis.

The Annals of Applied Statistics

|May 9, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the blockwise James-Stein (BJS) estimator for diffusion-weighted MRI, revealing significant differences in superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) brain lateralization between right-handed and left-handed individuals.

Keywords:

James–Stein estimator Neuroimaging spherical convolution tractography

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Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Computational Neuroscience
Biophysics

Background:

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (D-MRI) noninvasively characterizes tissue microstructure.
White matter fiber tract reconstruction is a key D-MRI application, estimating water diffusion to infer fiber directions.
Fiber Orientation Distribution (FOD) functions model voxel-level directional information.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a computationally scalable FOD estimator, the blockwise James-Stein (BJS) estimator.
To investigate the association between the lateralization of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and handedness using D-MRI data.
To quantify hemispheric asymmetry of the SLF and its relationship with handedness.

Main Methods:

Developed and applied the blockwise James-Stein (BJS) estimator for FOD estimation from D-MRI data.
Utilized Human Connectome Project (HCP) D-MRI data for analysis.
Reconstructed SLF tracts using a tractography algorithm and derived a lateralization score quantifying hemispheric asymmetry.

Main Results:

The BJS estimator was applied to HCP D-MRI data.
SLF tracts were reconstructed, and a lateralization score was computed for each subject.
Analysis revealed significant effects of handedness on SLF lateralization, suggesting differences between right-handed and left-handed individuals.

Conclusions:

The blockwise James-Stein (BJS) estimator provides a scalable method for D-MRI analysis.
SLF lateralization differs significantly between right-handed and left-handed individuals.
This finding contributes to understanding brain lateralization and its relationship with handedness.