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Risk Factors Associated With Pediatric Asthma Hospitalization: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Lucy Grace de Los Angeles Luna Muñoz1, Silvia Ursula Revoredo Llanos2, Karina Ordaya-Gonzales3

  • 1Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Perú.

Journal of Family & Reproductive Health
|May 9, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cesarean delivery, non-exclusive breastfeeding, obesity, and maternal age are significant risk factors for childhood asthma. These factors, along with a history of bronchiolitis, were associated with asthma in hospitalized children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Childhood asthma is a significant public health concern.
  • Identifying risk factors is crucial for prevention and early intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate risk factors associated with childhood asthma among hospitalized patients.
  • To identify key predictors for asthma development in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study involving 258 children (5-14 years) hospitalized at Hospital Belen de Trujillo (2015-2019).
  • Cases (n=129) were children hospitalized for asthma; controls (n=129) were hospitalized for other causes.
  • Statistical analyses included Chi-square tests, odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals, and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • Multivariate analysis indicated cesarean delivery, non-exclusive breastfeeding, obesity, and maternal age are significant predictors (p<0.05) of childhood asthma.
  • Cesarean delivery, non-exclusive breastfeeding, obesity, and maternal age were significantly associated with asthma in bivariate analysis (p<0.05).
  • While a history of bronchiolitis was significant in bivariate analysis, it was not a significant predictor in the multivariate model.

Conclusions:

  • Cesarean delivery, non-exclusive breastfeeding, obesity, and maternal age are significantly associated with childhood asthma.
  • These identified factors can inform targeted interventions to reduce asthma prevalence in pediatric populations.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering delivery mode, infant feeding practices, and maternal factors in asthma risk assessment.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsthmaChildRisk Factors

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