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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 3, 2026

Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Multipolar Catheter and 3-dimensional Mapping System for High-density Electro-anatomical Reconstruction
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Ventricular switch procedure: updated outcomes and lessons learned.

Hani K Najm1, Munir Ahmad1, Tara Karamlou1

  • 1Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|May 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Ventricular Switch procedure offers a biventricular repair option for complex heart defects. This novel surgical approach improves systemic saturation and hemodynamics in select patients.

Keywords:
Biventricular repairBorderline left ventricleHeterotaxySingle-ventricle palliation

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Surgery
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Complex congenital heart disease often presents challenges for standard biventricular repair.
  • The Ventricular Switch procedure offers a novel approach for left ventricle (LV) utilization as the sub-pulmonary ventricle.
  • This technique is particularly relevant for unseptatable hearts or those unsuitable for traditional biventricular circulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report updated experience and lessons learned from the Ventricular Switch procedure.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of utilizing the LV as the sub-pulmonary ventricle in complex congenital heart disease.
  • To highlight critical factors for successful surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 17 patients undergoing Ventricular Switch between 2016 and 2023.
  • Patients were selected when LV-based biventricular repair was not feasible or had failing single ventricle physiology.
  • Analysis of pre- and post-operative data, focusing on iterative modifications and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvement in systemic oxygen saturation (79% to 94%, P=0.008) and decrease in central venous pressure (CVP).
  • High rate of successful atrioventricular valve (AVV) repair/maintenance (65% preemptive repair, all maintained/improved function).
  • 1- and 5-year survival rates of 79% and 72%, respectively, with stable biventricular function and improved symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Ventricular Switch is a viable option for complex heart lesions not amenable to LV-based biventricular circulation.
  • The procedure demonstrates improved oxygen saturation, CVP, and stable ventricular function.
  • Systemic AVV competency and normal pre-operative right ventricle (RV) function are critical for favorable outcomes.