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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Unveiling Supersolid Order via Vortex Trajectory Correlations.

Subrata Das1, Vito W Scarola1

  • 1Virginia Tech, Department of Physics, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|May 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new method using vortex-vortex correlations to study supersolids, which are both solid and superfluid. This technique helps reveal their structure and superfluidity in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Supersolids exhibit simultaneous solid and superfluid properties.
  • Recent experiments explored supersolid regimes in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel supersolid order parameter.
  • Enable simultaneous measurement of solid and superfluid properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilize vortex-vortex trajectory correlations.
  • Propose experiments using optical imaging of vortex dipoles in dipolar BECs.
  • Numerically test the observable with existing technology for large system sizes.

Main Results:

  • Vortex-vortex correlations reveal the supersolid lattice structure.

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  • The method distinguishes superfluidity from the solid structure, even with dissipation.
  • Demonstrated applicability to large system sizes.

    • Conclusions:

    • The proposed method provides a single measure for supersolid properties.
    • Sets the stage for investigating dynamics and phase transitions in larger supersolid systems.
    • Facilitates experimental studies of fundamental supersolid characteristics.