Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2025
07:51
Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
Published on: September 26, 2018
7.5K
Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Hypertension Disease.
Refik Servi1, Ramazan Fazil Akkoc1, Feyza Aksu1
1Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
Summary
The second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) may predict hypertension risk. Individuals with hypertension showed a significantly higher 2D:4D ratio in both hands compared to controls, suggesting its potential as an early risk indicator.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Anthropometry
Background:
- The second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is a sexually dimorphic trait influenced by prenatal sex hormone exposure.
- This ratio has been investigated as a potential biomarker for various adult diseases, including cardiovascular conditions.
- Previous research suggests a link between 2D:4D and cardiovascular disease risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the 2D:4D ratio in both hands of patients diagnosed with hypertension.
- To compare the 2D:4D ratio between hypertensive individuals and a healthy control group.
- To determine if 2D:4D differs significantly between hypertensive and non-hypertensive subjects.
Main Methods:
- The study included 400 hypertensive patients (200 males, 200 females) and 400 healthy controls.
- The 2D:4D ratio was calculated by measuring the lengths of the second and fourth fingers on both hands for all participants.
- Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were also recorded for both groups.
Main Results:
- Hypertensive individuals had a significantly higher mean BMI, falling into the overweight category, compared to the normal weight control group (p < 0.001).
- A significantly higher 2D:4D ratio was observed in both males and females with hypertension compared to controls.
- This elevated 2D:4D ratio was consistent across both the right and left hands in the hypertensive group (p = 0.001 for males, p < 0.001 for females).
Conclusions:
- The 2D:4D ratio may serve as a significant indicator of an individual's predisposition to hypertension from birth.
- Individuals identified with a higher 2D:4D ratio could be considered at increased risk, enabling proactive lifestyle choices.
- This finding highlights the potential of 2D:4D as a non-invasive biomarker for hypertension risk assessment.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
1.8K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
1.8K
01:15Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(one-step method)
546
This procedural guide systematically measures blood pressure using an oscillometric digital sphygmomanometer, emphasizing accuracy, patient safety, and comfort.
Prepare for the Procedure:
Prepare for the Procedure:
546
01:28Special considerations while measuring blood pressure
690
When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
690
01:23Assessment of blood pressure in brachial artery(two-step method)
624
Measuring blood pressure is a fundamental skill in healthcare that aids in diagnosing and monitoring hypertension and other cardiovascular conditions. An aneroid sphygmomanometer, commonly used in clinical settings, offers a manual and precise method for blood pressure measurement. The technique for using this instrument involves specific steps that must be carefully executed to ensure accuracy. The following detailed description outlines a two-step technique for assessing blood pressure using...
624
01:10Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure
509
Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the...
509
01:19Assessing Blood pressure using a doppler ultrasound
1.1K
To obtain accurate blood pressure measurements in clinical settings, especially when traditional methods are insufficient, healthcare professionals utilize the Doppler ultrasound technique. This method uses high-frequency sound waves to detect blood flow within the arteries, which is crucial for patients with conditions that complicate circulatory system assessment.
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Doppler Ultrasound Blood Pressure Assessment:
Preparation of Equipment:
1.1K