Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2025

Subcellular Fractionation for ERK Activation Upon Mitochondrial-derived Peptide Treatment
Published on: September 25, 2017
ERK1/2-MAPK signaling: Metabolic, organellar, and cytoskeletal interactions
Ana Martin-Vega1, Melanie H Cobb2
1Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Abstract:
Numerous stimuli activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinases ERK1/2, which phosphorylate a diverse range of substrates, regulating multiple cellular processes. The broad variety of functions controlled by these enzymes is enabled by complex intracellular organization, which requires precise spatiotemporal regulation. Scaffold proteins and the formation of molecular condensates by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) are key in ERK1/2 signal modulation and output. This review provides an overview of ERK1/2 multifaceted actions, with a focus on the cytoskeleton, mitochondria, and metabolism, as well as ERK1/2 regulation by scaffolds and molecular condensates. We highlight recent findings that shed light on ERK1/2 regulation and discuss the implications for cellular functions, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic development.
Related Concept Videos
MAPK Signaling Cascades
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
Intracellular Signaling Cascades
Cell Signaling in Plants

