Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2025

Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice
Published on: November 27, 2019
Efficacy of diabetes-specific partial meal replacement on glycemic and weight control in type 2 diabetes: A
Lew Leong Chen1,2, Noorlaili Mohd Tohit3, Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin1,2
1Center for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Aims:
To evaluate the efficacy of a diabetes-specific formula (DSF)-based partial meal replacement (PMR) in improving glycemic control, weight, and underlying hormonal changes among participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity compared to dietary consultation.
Materials And Methods:
This 12-week, parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, National University of Malaysia, from February 2022 to March 2024. Adults aged 20-65 years with type 2 diabetes [haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥7.5%] and overweight or obesity were randomized into two groups: PMR with DSF (Metabolic+ Sauver) plus dietary consultation (treatment group) or dietary consultation alone (control group). The primary endpoint was mean change in HbA1c at week 12.
Results:
Among 156 participants (mean age 52.2 ± 9.7 years), 141 completed the 12-week intervention. The treatment group had a greater HbA1c reduction compared to controls (-0.83% vs. -0.19%; MD: -0.63%; 95% CI: -1.00, -0.27; p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of the treatment group participants (61.4%) achieved clinically significant HbA1c reduction (≥0.5%) compared to controls (42.3%, p = 0.023). Fasting glucose, insulin, and anthropometric measurements also significantly improved in the treatment group compared to controls. Subsample analysis on hormonal changes revealed significant improvements in adiponectin levels among the treatment group.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that PMR with DSF significantly improved glycemic and weight management in participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. Adiponectin levels increased in the treatment group, correlating with improved glycemic control. No adverse events were observed on liver and kidney profiles, highlighting its potential as a safe and effective approach for diabetes management.
Related Concept Videos
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

