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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Perception01:25

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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Target Selection Signals Causally Influence Human Perceptual Decision-Making.

Daniel J Pearce1, Gerard M Loughnane2, Trevor T-J Chong3

  • 1School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia daniel.pearce1@monash.edu mark.bellgrove@monash.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain lesions impair decision-making by affecting the N2c EEG signal, crucial for target selection. This study provides causal evidence linking the N2c to decision-making timing and strength, offering a potential marker for brain disorder remediation.

Keywords:
EEGattentiondecision-makingperceptionreaction timestroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Decision-making is fundamental but impaired in neurological and psychiatric conditions.
  • The N2c (a neural signal) is linked to early target selection and influences decision timing.
  • Previous N2c research relied on correlational studies in healthy individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of the N2c in human decision-making using EEG.
  • To examine how unilateral brain lesions affect the N2c and perceptual reporting.
  • To determine if N2c function relates to neural evidence accumulation rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-temporal-resolution EEG to record brain activity.
  • Studied male and female human participants with unilateral brain lesions.
  • Analyzed N2c timing and strength in relation to lesion location and perceptual report timing.

Main Results:

  • Unilateral brain lesions caused specific deficits in N2c timing and strength in the damaged hemisphere.
  • Contralateral perceptual reports showed corresponding timing deficits.
  • The impact of N2c on perceptual reporting speed was modulated by neural evidence accumulation rates.

Conclusions:

  • The N2c causally indexes an early, hemisphere-specific process essential for human decision-making.
  • This finding offers a noninvasive EEG marker for monitoring interventions in brain disorders.
  • The N2c may be a valuable target for remediating decision-making deficits.