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Updated: May 13, 2025

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Association between insulin resistance and multiple chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study from CHARLS

Wen-Ze Jiang1, Zhen-Liang Fan2, Meng-Li Xu1

  • 1The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition
|May 9, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Insulin resistance (IR) indices like TyG, TyG-BMI, and METS-IR are linked to higher chronic disease prevalence. Improving IR may reduce the chronic disease burden in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Health
  • Public Health
  • Chronic Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic diseases represent a significant global health challenge.
  • Insulin resistance (IR) is implicated in the development of numerous chronic conditions.
  • Understanding the relationship between IR indices and chronic diseases is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between various insulin resistance (IR)-related indices and the prevalence of nine chronic diseases.
  • To assess the predictive capability of these IR indices for chronic diseases.
  • To explore subgroup variations in these associations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
  • Employed binary logistic regression and Restricted Cubic Splines (RCS) to analyze relationships.
  • Performed subgroup analyses and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate predictive power.

Main Results:

  • A positive association was observed between increased TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WHtR, and METS-IR indices and the prevalence of multiple chronic diseases.
  • An inverse relationship was found between the eGDR index and chronic disease prevalence.
  • Insulin resistance indices demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy for dyslipidemia, with TyG being the most effective predictor.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin resistance (IR) indices are positively correlated with the prevalence of multiple chronic diseases.
  • Interventions aimed at improving IR in middle-aged and older populations could potentially mitigate the burden of chronic diseases.
  • The findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing IR for chronic disease prevention.
Abstract

Keywords:
CHARLSChronic diseaseInsulin resistance

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