Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2025

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
Published on: January 29, 2011
Breathing Effort in Preterm Infants Comparing NIV NAVA and CPAP-A Randomised Crossover Study
Hilde Brenne1, Turid Follestad2, Håkon Bergseng1,3
1Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Aim:
To compare breathing effort in preterm infants during neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV NAVA) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).
Methods:
In this randomised crossover study, preterm infants were randomised to 4 h on NIV NAVA and 4 h on CPAP during daily activity and care. Breathing effort was measured by the diaphragmatic load (Edi) as Edi peak and Edi minimum, respiratory parameters, modified Silverman Andersen index and COMFORT neo score. The parents provided feedback regarding their child's comfort and breathing.
Results:
Twenty preterm infants with gestational age 234-284 beyond the postextubation period were included. We found a statistically significant difference in Edi peak (mean difference -1.4% CI: -2.4 to -0.4, p = 0.010) but no significant difference in Edi minimum (-0.1, 95% CI: -0.2 to 0.1, p = 0.521) comparing NIV NAVA to CPAP. Among the 10 secondary outcomes, the respiratory rate was significantly lower on NIV NAVA (-4, 95% CI: -6 to -1, p = 0.013) and there were slightly larger clinical distress scores on CPAP. While almost all parents reported that their child seemed comfortable, not all found the infant's breathing effortless.
Conclusion:
Edi peak was significantly lower in preterm infants during NIV NAVA versus CPAP.
More Related Videos
04:56Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA
Published on: July 14, 2023
05:39Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
Published on: May 26, 2023
Related Concept Videos
Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
Ventilatory Modes
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
Mechanical Ventilation I: Indication and Settings
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement: