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Published on: October 4, 2024
Impact of Endurance Exercise and Nano-Selenium on Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Smoke-Exposed
Mahdi Bakhshi1, Abdolali Banaeifar1, Sajad Arshadi1
1Department of Exercise Physiology, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Background And Aims:
The present study investigates the impact of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in conjunction with 6 weeks of aerobic interval training (AIT) on muscular health in rodents exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE).
Methods:
Forty-two male rats, 6-8 weeks old, weighing 180-220 g, were randomly divided into seven groups: control, CSE, AIT (49 min per day, 5 d per week for 6 weeks), CSE+AIT, SeNPs+AIT (administered 150 µL by injection, 1 d per week for 6 weeks), CSE+AIT, and CSE+SeNPs+AIT.
Results:
Histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining demonstrated that SeNPs, in combination with AIT attenuated CSE-induced lung tissue damage. Pathway analysis revealed increased expression of genes associated with endurance exercise, including PGC-1α, AMPK, TFAM, and l-BAIBA. Specifically, PGC-1α expression was significantly increased in the CSE+SeNPs+AIT group compared to the healthy control group (p = 0.0289), while no significant differences were observed in the other groups (p >0.05). No significant changes in AMPK, TFAM, or l-BAIBA gene expression (p >0.05) were observed among the groups.
Conclusion:
The results demonstrate that the combination of endurance exercise and SeNPs significantly attenuates CSE-induced lung tissue damage and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, particularly PGC-1α gene expression, in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that SeNPs supplementation, when combined with AIT, may mitigate the adverse effects of CSE exposure and improve mitochondrial function in smoke-exposed subjects.
