Mucoperiosteal Flap Healing During Vertical Bone Augmentation using Titanium Mesh: A Study in Beagle Dogs

Area of Science:

• Periodontology
• Biomaterials Science
• Oral Surgery

Background:

• Periosteal releasing incisions (PRI) in guided bone regeneration (GBR) with titanium (Ti) mesh can cause keratinized gingiva (KG) narrowing and wound dehiscence.
• Alternative techniques are needed to improve wound healing and preserve KG width during GBR.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the healing of mucoperiosteal flaps (MPF) without PRI and primary closure on Ti membrane surfaces during vertical bone augmentation.
• To assess changes in KG width and wound healing parameters.

Main Methods:

• Vertical bone augmentation was performed on beagle dogs using Bio-oss, Ti-membrane, and Bio-gide.
• Four groups were established: with and without PRI, with and without primary closure.
• Wound healing, dehiscence rates, KG width, and histologic analysis were evaluated.

Main Results:

• The group without PRI and primary closure (Group C) showed minimal wound closure issues (8.3%).
• Group C exhibited a significant increase in KG width (1.77 ± 0.37 mm), while Group B showed a decrease (-4.37 ± 0.45 mm).
• Histological analysis indicated better gingival healing in Group C compared to Group B.

Conclusions:

• Mucoperiosteal flaps (MPF) without PRI and primary closure can successfully heal on Ti membranes during vertical bone augmentation.
• This approach promotes KG widening and offers a viable alternative for postoperative wound management in GBR.
• The findings have clinical implications for optimizing GBR procedures supported by titanium membranes.