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Effects of PDYN 68-bpVNTR, BDNF rs6265, OPRD1 rs569356 and OPRM1 rs2075572 polymorphisms on opioid-methamphetamine

Merve Ak1, Gizem Özer-Uzaldı1, Mukaddes Asena Yıldırım2

  • 1Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye; Ankara University, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
|May 10, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
PDYNgenetic variationsindividual differenceopioid-methamphetamine co-use

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