Exploring the Roles and Regulatory Challenges of Advanced Practice Nurses in Acute Pain Management: A Scoping Review.

Area of Science:

• Nursing
• Pain Management
• Healthcare Professions

Background:

• Advanced practice nurses (APNs) play a critical role in acute pain management.
• International literature reveals inconsistencies in the definition and scope of APN roles in pain management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the roles and training of advanced practice nurses specialized in acute pain management.
• To identify variations and challenges in APN practice within acute pain management globally.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review of literature was conducted.
• Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL from 1996 to December 2023.
• Data extraction and analysis followed a structured scoping review process with independent reviewer verification.

Main Results:

• 36 studies met inclusion criteria, revealing significant variation in APN job titles and role descriptions across regions.
• Training pathways, including postgraduate qualifications, were inconsistent, with many low- and middle-income countries lacking structured frameworks.
• Barriers included regulatory limitations, inadequate educational infrastructure, and insufficient legal authority.

Conclusions:

• There is substantial international variation in the definition, training, and regulation of APNs in acute pain management.
• Developing global standards for competencies and certification is urgently needed to ensure consistent and effective care.
• Standardization will enhance role recognition, clinical practice consistency, and quality of care for acute pain patients.