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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
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N170 in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Systematic review.

Beatriz C R Barroso1, Luísa Vieira2, Joana O Pinto3

  • 1Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|May 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) appears to have unimpaired emotional face processing. However, individuals with ADHD may find processing neutral or ambiguous faces more demanding, as indicated by N170 brainwave patterns.

Keywords:
ADHDERP/EEGN170meta-analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with difficulties in emotional recognition and face processing.
  • The N170 event-related potential is sensitive to facial expressions and linked to perception and attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize and meta-analyze existing literature on N170 modulation in individuals with ADHD.
  • To investigate neurophysiological differences in face processing between ADHD and healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of empirical studies measuring N170.
  • Inclusion of studies comparing N170 responses in ADHD and healthy participants.

Main Results:

  • No overall significant differences in N170 were found between ADHD and healthy individuals across valences.
  • Moderation analysis showed no group differences for positive or negative emotional faces.
  • Neutral valence faces elicited more negative N170 amplitudes in individuals with ADHD compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Neurophysiological processing of emotional faces is generally unimpaired in ADHD.
  • Processing of ambiguous or neutral faces may be more challenging for individuals with ADHD.
  • Future research should address task variability and medication washout in ADHD studies.