Bioinspired synthesis and characterization of chitosan-based MgO nanoparticles: Evaluating antibacterial potential...

The growing antibacterial resistance threatens the public health and medical sector. The concern necessitates the innovative and environmentally friendly solution which is addressed in the current study by synthesis of eco-friendly biopolymer-based metallic oxide nanoparticles using green synthesis, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional approaches. Chitosan-based magnesium oxide (CH-MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized using leaf extract of Trianthema portulacastrum. Different analytical techniques, such UV-vis, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD, were used to characterize the nanoparticles. Further investigations were carried out to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anticancer activity was evaluated via MTT assay against HePG2 cell lines, which were microscopically examined. The characterizations confirmed the UV-absorption peak at 290 nm, 20 nm crystallite size, crystalline structure, and roughly spherical morphology. For the well diffusion assay, inhibition zones were obtained in the range of 4 ± 0.40 mm-19 ± 1.72 mm. Successful biofilm inhibitions of 50 % against all isolates and maximum cytotoxicity of 83 % against HePG2 cell lines were also achieved for the nanoparticles. The investigation affirms the prospects of CH-MgO nanoparticles as antibacterial agent against drug-resistant pathogens and establishes its anticancer activity against cancer cells. The findings of the study suggest the prospects of eco-friendly nanomaterial for biomedical and therapeutic purposes.