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[Intraoperative speech mapping during awake surgery].

E P Dmitrova1, E S Krasilova1, I V Makarova1

  • 1National Research University Higher School of Economics, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|May 12, 2025
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Summary

This review covers brain speech mapping during awake surgery, highlighting the need for better intraoperative tests to assess diverse speech functions and understand brain region specificity.

Keywords:
awake surgeryintraoperative speech testsspeech mapping

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurosurgery
  • Speech Science

Background:

  • Intraoperative speech mapping is crucial for awake neurosurgery to preserve critical speech areas.
  • Current intraoperative testing methods for speech subfunctions are limited.
  • Understanding the neural basis of speech is essential for surgical planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the cortical and subcortical representations of speech.
  • To present established intraoperative tests for monitoring speech functions during awake surgery.
  • To elucidate the functional specificity of brain regions for distinct speech tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of neuroimaging and neurosurgical studies.
  • Analysis of existing intraoperative speech mapping protocols.
  • Synthesis of research on speech production and comprehension neuroanatomy.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of speech network anatomy, including both cortical and subcortical pathways.
  • Overview of commonly used intraoperative speech tasks (e.g., naming, repetition, fluency).
  • Evidence for regional specialization within the speech network for different linguistic operations.

Conclusions:

  • There is a need for expanded and standardized intraoperative speech task batteries.
  • Accurate speech mapping enhances the safety and efficacy of neurosurgery in eloquent brain areas.
  • Further research can refine our understanding of speech representation and improve surgical outcomes.