[Four new diglycosides from Momordicae Semen]

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Natural Product Chemistry
• Pharmacognosy

Context:

• Momordicae Semen (seed kernel of Momordica cochinchinensis) is traditionally used medicinally.
• Previous research has not elucidated the chemical constituents of Momordicae Semen.
• Understanding the chemical profile is crucial for validating traditional uses and exploring new therapeutic potentials.

Purpose:

• To conduct the first comprehensive investigation of the chemical constituents present in Momordicae Semen.
• To isolate and identify compounds from Momordicae Semen using advanced analytical techniques.
• To characterize novel compounds and report previously undiscovered constituents from this source.

Summary:

• Eight compounds were isolated and identified from Momordicae Semen: p-hydroxybenzoic acid-7-O-trehaloside (mubeside A), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside (mubeside B), 1-O-p-methoxybenzoyl-1,4-benzenediol-4-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside (mubeside C), and 1-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-1,4-benzenediol-4-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucoside (mubeside D).
• Compounds 1-4 (mubeside A-D) are reported as new chemical entities.
• Compounds 5-8, identified as gypsogenin-3-O-β-D-galactosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronoside, quillaic acid-3-O-β-D-galactosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronoside, violanthin, and kaempferitrin, were isolated from Momordicae Semen for the first time.

Impact:

• Establishes the foundational chemical data for Momordicae Semen, enabling further pharmacological and toxicological studies.
• Identifies four new compounds, expanding the known repertoire of natural products.
• Provides a basis for the scientific validation of Momordicae Semen's traditional medicinal applications.