Perinatal Hemolytic Disease Due to Anti-Jkb: A Case Report

This is a case report of a pregnant woman, with a history of cesarean section in a previous twin pregnancy, admitted due to premature rupture of membranes and investigation of anemia during her fifth pregnancy. During the cesarean section, she experienced significant hemorrhage, prompting a request for a red blood cell concentrate. During pre-transfusion testing, it was found that she was O positive, and an anti-erythrocyte antibody was identified, specifically anti-Jkb. It is noteworthy that despite her numerous previous pregnancies, there was no record of indirect antiglobulin testing (IAT) or irregular antibody screening during prenatal care. The outcome for twin 1 was perinatal asphyxia, resulting in death within 24 hours. Twin 2 developed jaundice and anemia, requiring phototherapy and red blood cell transfusions. This case underscores the need to consider clinical history and the importance of performing IAT in pregnant women, regardless of blood type.