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Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells attenuate senescence of peritoneal mesothelial cells by inhibiting oxidative stress

  • 0Departments of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, PR China.
International Immunopharmacology +

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May 12, 2025

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May 12, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hUMSC-Exos) combat cellular aging in peritoneal dialysis by reducing oxidative stress. This finding offers potential for improving dialysis efficacy and patient outcomes.

Area Of Science

  • Cellular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Nephrology

Background

  • Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients experience cellular aging in peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) due to chronic dialysate exposure, leading to oxidative stress (OS) and reduced dialysis efficacy.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise in mitigating cellular aging, with their exosomes (Exos) being investigated as a therapeutic agent.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To investigate the efficacy of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord MSCs (hUMSC-Exos) in alleviating senescence in PMCs.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms by which hUMSC-Exos mitigate PMC aging, focusing on oxidative stress pathways.

Main Methods

  • Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HMrSV5) were induced to senesce using high glucose concentrations.
  • Cellular aging markers, cell cycle progression, and oxidative stress indicators (ROS, MDA, SOD) were assessed.
  • hUMSC-Exos were characterized, and their effects on senescent PMCs were evaluated, including comparison with an oxidative stress inhibitor (NAC).

Main Results

  • High glucose-induced senescence in HMrSV5 cells resulted in increased P53, P21, P16 expression and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.
  • Treatment with hUMSC-Exos significantly reduced aging markers, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.
  • The effects of hUMSC-Exos on reducing senescence and oxidative stress were comparable to those of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC).

Conclusions

  • hUMSC-Exos effectively alleviate cellular aging in PMCs by inhibiting oxidative stress.
  • These findings suggest that hUMSC-Exos hold significant therapeutic potential for improving outcomes in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

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