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Evaluating machine- and deep learning approaches for artifact detection in infant EEG: classifier performance,

R Kemmerich1, A Wienke1, U Frischen1

  • 1Bremer Initiative to Foster Early Childhood Development (BRISE), Faculty for Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.

Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express
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Summary

Automated methods using Random Forest and deep learning effectively detect artifacts in infant electroencephalography (EEG) data. These machine learning approaches reduce manual labor and improve consistency in infant brain activity research.

Keywords:
EEGartifact detectiondeep learninginfantmachine learning

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) is crucial for infant brain activity research but is prone to artifacts from infant movement and variability.
  • Manual artifact detection in EEG is time-consuming and subjective, necessitating automated solutions for reliable analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of machine learning classifiers (Random Forest, SVM, DL) for automated artifact detection in infant EEG.
  • To assess classifiers without requiring prior feature extraction, directly processing raw, filtered infant EEG data.

Main Methods:

  • Collected EEG data from 294 infants (mean age 8.34 months) as part of the BRISE study.
  • Analyzed 66,851 epochs, with 45% manually annotated as artifacts by an expert.
  • Trained and tested Random Forest, SVM, and deep learning models on filtered EEG data.

Main Results:

  • Random Forest (RF) and deep learning (DL) models achieved high balanced accuracy (0.873 and 0.881, respectively), significantly outperforming SVM (0.756).
  • RF excelled with smaller datasets, while DL required larger datasets for optimal performance.
  • A trade-off exists between classifier certainty, accuracy, and the proportion of data classified.

Conclusions:

  • RF and DL classifiers offer effective automated artifact detection for infant EEG, reducing preprocessing time and enhancing study consistency.
  • Automated artifact detection can facilitate large-scale infant EEG research and improve reproducibility through standardized preprocessing.