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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Transporters01:31

Membrane Transporters

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Transporters are essential membrane transport proteins with functions related to cell nutrition, homeostasis, communication, etc. Approximately 7% of all genes in the human genome code for transporters or transporter-related proteins.
Transporters are mainly composed of alpha-helices, built from bundles of ten or more helices traversing the plasma membrane. The solute-binding sites are located midway, where some of the helices are broken or distorted, making space for the binding site through...
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The Significance of Membrane Transport01:44

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The transport of solutes across the cell membrane is essential for metabolic processes, like maintaining cell size and volume, generating the action potential, exchanging nutrients and gases, etc. Membrane transport can be either passive or active. It can be simple diffusion, facilitated, or mediated transport aided by transport proteins such as transporters and channels.
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Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

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Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
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Transcellular Transport of Solutes01:23

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Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
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One example of how cells use the energy contained in electrochemical gradients is demonstrated by glucose transport into cells. The ion vital to this process is sodium (Na+), which is typically present in higher concentrations extracellularly than in the cytosol. Such a concentration difference is due, in part, to the action of an enzyme "pump" embedded in the cellular membrane that actively expels Na+ from a cell. Importantly, as this pump contributes to the high concentration of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes
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Author Spotlight: Expression and Purification of Human Solute Carrier Transporters Using Codon-Optimized Genes

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The solute carrier superfamily interactome.

Fabian Frommelt1, Rene Ladurner1, Ulrich Goldmann1

  • 1CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

Molecular Systems Biology
|May 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study maps protein interactions for 396 solute carrier (SLC) transporters, revealing their cellular environment. This provides a resource for understanding SLC transporter function and developing new disease therapies.

Keywords:
AP-MSProtein–protein InteractionsProteostasisSLC SuperfamilyTrafficking

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Solute carrier (SLC) transporters are crucial for moving molecules across membranes.
  • Dysfunction of SLC transporters is linked to numerous human diseases, making them important drug targets.
  • Understanding SLC protein interactions is key to elucidating their cellular roles and developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive map of protein-protein interactions for solute carrier (SLC) transporters.
  • To investigate the functional consequences of these interactions on SLC transporter activity and localization.
  • To provide a valuable resource for researchers studying SLC transporters and related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Interaction proteomics was used to map protein-protein interactions for 396 SLC transporters.
  • Functional assessments included RNA interference of interactors, protein stability, and localization measurements.
  • Specific examples, such as SLC16A6 and SLC43A2, were analyzed in detail.

Main Results:

  • A global survey of the SLC-protein interaction landscape was generated.
  • The study identified key protein interactors and their roles in SLC transporter function.
  • Detailed analysis revealed mechanisms of protein trafficking and regulation for specific SLC transporters.

Conclusions:

  • This work provides a foundational resource of SLC-protein interactions for the scientific community.
  • The findings offer insights into the molecular basis of SLC transporter function and disease association.
  • The data can guide the development of novel pharmacological strategies targeting SLC transporters.