Preparation and hemostatic evaluation of carboxymethyl chitosan/gelatin/clinodiside a composite sponges

In trauma resuscitation, rapid hemostasis is a top priority for rescuing patients from the risk of hemorrhagic shock and infection. Traditional hemostatic materials are not effective for hemostasis and have some limitations. We added "Duanxue Liu" saponin A (Clinodiside A) to a hemostatic sponge based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and gelatin to improve its hemostatic effect. Clinodiside A has hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, and its preparation into a sponge can help to improve the coagulation ability, prolong the action time of the drug, increase the bioavailability and improve the stability of the drug. The results showed that the prepared hemostatic sponge had a honeycomb porous structure, strong shape recovery ability, good water absorption and porosity, low hemolysis rate and no obvious cytotoxicity. The results of in vitro coagulation test showed that the coagulation time of GOC, GOC-1, GOC-2 and GOC-3 sponges was shorter than that of the control group, and the BCI index was much lower than that of the commercially available sponges. In the tail-breaking experiment of SD rats, GOC-3 showed the lowest blood loss of 0.2549 g and the hemostasis time of 55 s. In the experiment of rabbit ear artery, GOC-3 showed the lowest blood loss of 98.75 mg and the hemostasis time of 95 s. This indicates that the Clinique A hemostatic sponges have highly efficient hemostatic properties. Therefore, the prepared CMCS/Gel/Clinodiside A sponge has a good application prospect as a hemostatic dressing.